Disability refers to the social effects of physical or mental impairment. This definition, known as the 'social model' of disability, makes a clear distinction between the impairment itself (such as a medical condition that makes a person unable to walk or unable to sit) and the disabling effects of society in relation to that impairment. As Frank Bowe put it in Handicapping America (1978), the real issue is the societal response to disability: if a community allows physical, architectural, transportation, and other barriers to remain in place, society is creating handicaps that oppress individuals with disabilities. If, on the other hand, a community removes those barriers, persons with disabilities can function at much higher levels. In simple terms, it is not the inability to walk or inability to sit that prevents a person entering a building unaided but the existence of stairs or the lack of benches to lie down, that are inaccessible to a wheelchair-user or a person with sitting disability. In other words, 'disability' is socially constructed. The 'social model' is often contrasted with the 'medical model' which sees 'disability' as synonymous with 'impairment.'
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Chess :: Recreation
Disabled Recreation

BCA - Association of Visually Handicapped Chess - Brings blind and partially sighted chess players together to compete in tournaments. Events, gazette, downloads of games and help with software.
Meta Description: [ Our association aims to bring blind and partially sighted chess players together to compete with one another in tournaments organised by us and the IBCA. ]
Braille Chess - Chess for the blind and deafblind. Articles, rules, worldwide clubs plus learn about braille and see your name in braille.
Meta Description: [ medical transcription services wheel chair van ramp handicap lift used ]
Braille Chess Association of Ireland - History, news, articles, game samples and relevant rules are presented by this association for blind and partially sighted players.
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English Deaf Chess Association - Club news, regional clubs, games and photo gallery.
International Association for Blind and Visually Impaired Chess Players - Foundation, committee, qualification tables and results. Includes information on competitions, championships and Team Olympiads.
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International Braille Chess Association (IBCA) - Introduction to the association and their work including competitions and affiliations.
International Committee of Silent Chess - Organizes World Championships, the European (Continental) Clubs Chess Championships and friendly international tournaments. Background information, member countries and calendar.
Selfhelp Chess: International - Non-commercial chess initiative for players in selfhelp-groups, the disabled, elders, schools, and leisure-players that helps to establish chess groups around the world for teamwork and network.
United States Braille Chess Association - Promotes correspondence and over-the-board chess among chess enthusiasts who are blind or visually impaired. Results, magazine and membership details.
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