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An artificial or constructed language (known colloquially as a conlang among aficionados), is a language whose phonology, grammar and/or vocabulary are specifically devised by an individual or small group, rather than having naturally evolved as part of a culture the way natural languages do. Some are designed for use in human communication (usually to function as international auxiliary languages), but others are created for use in fiction, linguistic experimentation, secrecy (codes), or for the experience of doing so (artistic languages, language games). These languages are sometimes associated with constructed worlds.

The synonym planned language is sometimes used when referring to international auxiliary languages, and by those who may object to the more common term "artificial". Some speakers of Esperanto avoid the term "artificial language" because they deny that there is something "unnatural" in communicating in this language. However, outside the Esperanto community the term language planning refers to prescriptive measures taken regarding a natural language. In this regard, even "natural languages" may be submitted to a certain amount of artificiality, and in the case of prescriptive grammars, the line is difficult to draw.

Overview


Constructed languages are often divided into A priori languages, in which much of the grammar and vocabulary is created from scratch (using the author's imagination or automatic computational means), and a posteriori languages, where the grammar and vocabulary are derived from one or more natural languages.

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My fave books read this year con't: When You Reach Me; In the Land of Invented Languages; How Oliver Olson Changed the World; Hunger Games;
MelissaZD (Melissa Depper) Thu, 31 Dec 2009 20:27:38 -0000
My fave books read this year con't: When You Reach Me; In the Land of Invented Languages; How Oliver Olson Changed the World; Hunger Games;
@DeBoekenlijst Arika Okrent "In the Land of Invented Languages" - Vermakelijk, over wereldverbeteraars met een manie voor zelf-bedachte taal
pebbe (peter kleiweg) Thu, 31 Dec 2009 19:08:10 -0000
@DeBoekenlijst Arika Okrent "In the Land of Invented Languages" - Vermakelijk, over wereldverbeteraars met een manie voor zelf-bedachte taal
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Constructed Human Languages - Comprehensive guide to various invented and artificial languages. Includes links to numerous invented language projects on the web.
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Earth Minimal language - Are you feeling terse today? It may be hard to get any more precise than in an Earth Minimal Language expression. Check out this incredible language from EBTX.

Fictional Linguistics: KICKS Academy Course - Online free course about creating languages, hosted at the KICKS Academy of the SciFiVine. Members of the SciFiVine may participate after a free registration in the class project for an invented language called Trans-Galactic Lingo. KICKS stands for Kenobi Intergalactic Council of Kindred Spirits

Language Creation - Describes creating languages as a hobby, includes samples of created languages, with much of the content also available in PDF files. [English/Spanish]
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Model Languages - Free open source LangMaker software for Windows to help design consistent languages for all kinds of settings. Build a vocabulary from scratch or extrapolate from real examples.

The Language Construction Kit - Intended for anyone who wants to create artificial languages -- for a fantasy or an alien world, as a hobby, as an interlanguage. It presents linguistically sound methods for creating naturalistic languages -- which can be reversed to create non-naturalistic languages.

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