The National Front for the Liberation of Southern Vietnam (Vietnamese Mặt Trận Dân Tộc Giải Phóng Miền Nam), also known as the Viet Cong, VC, or the National Liberation Front (NLF), was an insurgent (partisan) organization fighting the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam War. The NLF was funded, equipped and staffed by both South Vietnamese and the army of North Vietnam.

Its military organization was known as the People's Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF). The PLAF were, according to the official history of the (North) Vietnamese Army, strictly subordinated to the general staff in Hanoi. Their name "Viet Cong", (VC) came from the Vietnamese term for Vietnamese Communist (Việt Nam Cộng Sản). American forces typically referred to members of the NLF as "Charlie," which comes from the US Armed Forces' phonetic alphabet's pronunciation of VC ("Victor Charlie").

Organization

The VC was nominally independent of the North Vietnamese armed forces and although the leadership of the group was communist, the NLF was also made up of others who were allied with the Front against the policies of Ngo Dinh Diem. However, as the war with the Americans escalated North Vietnamese personnel increasingly formed the military staff and officer corps of the VC as well as directly deploying their own forces. People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) official history refers to the PLAF as "part of the PAVN". Communist cadres also, from the start, formed the majority of the decision-making strata of the organization, though non-Communists, encouraged by the initial chair, Nguyen Huu Tho, were also involved in this process.

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